For the ultimate protection, fit the Aico Ei2110 Multi-Sensor fire alarm – part of the “intelligent fire” or “i-fire” Series. A mains powered alarm, the Aico Ei2110 multi-sensor alarm has the added benefit of built-in, tamper-proof rechargeable Lithium cells as back-up. But the real key to the Aico Ei2110 is its two separate sensing technologies – Optical and Heat.  As such, the unit is capable of monitoring two very different by-products of a fire – smoke and heat – so that its response to all fire types is significantly improved when compared with traditional single sensor type units.  It also makes it less vulnerable to false alarms.

Main features of the Aico Ei2110 multi-sensor alarm

• Two sensors included, the Optical sensor and the Heat detector;
• Improved response to all the different fire types;
• This alarm responds to both slow smouldering fires(sofas, TVs) and fast flaming fires(Papers, clothing, etc);
• The unique automatic “dust compensation” reduces the false alarms;
• One single person test feature – allows you to easily check the interconnected alarms;
• This multi-sensor alarm is third party accredited by BSI(BS EN 14604: 2005);
• It can be used for siting in the hallway, in the landing area, in the living room, or in the bedroom(guidance only; see BS 5839-6:2004 for full info);
• Mains powered multi-sensor Aico alarm;
• 10 year rechargeable Lithium Back-Up battery;
• Easi-fit Technology – easy to install;
• Can be either hard-wired or connected via RadioLINK;
• Includes Test / Hush button;
• This multi-sensor alarm has a 5 year guarantee.

The Building Regulations for the houses with more than 2 storeys state that there needs to be a detector in every room. There are two main ways to inter-link / connect the detectors that need to be installed into the different kind of rooms/spaces existing in this kind of homes: either a hard-wired connection(you will need to put up wires to connect the alarms, mainly practiced in places where a renovation work is in progress/there is a possibility to do this/new built places) or wireless interconnection(in any building that one does not want to “digg into the walls” or re-model the house, in the grade 2 rated buildings, old homes, or in any situation). As regards the Grade 2 listed buildings – the historical ones, protected by law – any modification / damage to the wall or the ceiling both inside and outside is prohibited – for these cases, it is recommended to install a wireless RadioLINK interconnection for the different detectors to be sited.

Aico Ei2110 For the Ultimate Protection – the hard-wired connection

For the Ultimate Protection for your house, the Aico Ei2110 can be hard-wired with the following devices to have a circuit of home fire detection system:

• Relay Base - the Aico Ei128R(fits under the alarms, has volt-free relay contacts; also available as the Aico Ei128RBU with battery back-up);
• Remote control switch – the Aico Ei1529RC(test and hush alarm, identity triggered alarm, it can be wired anywhere in the system);
• Switched input module – the Aico Ei129(connects to the switched contacts, and triggers the alarms when contacts are close);
• Optional Alarm for Hard of Hearing – the Aico Ei169/160(mains alarm with battery back-up, flashing strobe, vibrating pad for pillows);
• Optional CO alarm – the Aico Ei261ENRC(Mains alarm with rechargeable back-up, can interconnect with the smoke alarms, and must use an Aico Ei1529RC switch);
• Call point – the Aico MCP401RC(no replacing glass, reset with key, can be wired anywhere in the system);

Aico Ei2110 for the Ultimate Protection – Wireless connection with the RadioLINK base

When is connected with the RadioLINK base (which provides wireless connection) – the Aico Ei2110 connected with the Aico Ei168RC base – the fire detection system is connected via the radio waves, using:

• Relay Module – the Aico Ei428(mains with rechargeable back-up, volt-free relay contacts, the Aico Ei428SK is pre-wired for Warden Call);
• Remote control Switch – the Aico Ei411H(test and hush alarms, identify triggered alarm, completely wireless, battery powered – up to 10years life);
• Switched input module – the Aico Ei408(connect to switched contacts, triggers alarms when contacts are close);
• Repeater module – the Aico Ei420(mains powered, repeats the RF signals, extends range);
• Optional Alarm for Hard of Hearing – the Aico Ei170RF/Aico Ei171RF(mains with battery back-up, strobe and vibrating pad for pillows, Aico Ei171RF strobe only);
• Optional CO alarm – the Aico Ei262(mains alarm with rechargeable back-up, wireless interconnect with smoke alarms; must use an Aico Ei411H switch);
• Call point – the Aico Ei407(no replacing glass, completely wireless, battery powered – up to 10year life);

You can order the Aico Ei2110 at the Domestic Fire Alarms via our website, or view more details at Fire-Detect.co.uk.

As recommended by the NICEIC specialists via their FactSheet about Part P of the building regulations, here are some of the main things that need to be emphasized in order to have both a safe electrical installation and a safe life within our home. Being something that we use everyday, it is easy for us to take electricity for granted. If you attempt to do DIY(Do It Yourself) electrics or use an unregistered electrician to carry out work in your home you could be putting the life of your family members at risk. It is a fact that each year around 12,500 house fires, 750 serious injuries and 10 deaths are caused by unsafe electrics in the home of the people who live in the UK.

About the Electrical safety laws

The NICEIC registered electricians have already helped to improve the standard of electrical work in the UK. An electrical safety law, Part P of the Building Regulations was introduced by the Government on 1st January 2005 with the aim of further enhancing the protection of homeowners and also for reducing the risk of electric shock when using electricity. The law – which applies to England and Wales – aims to improve electrical safety in the home and also to prevent the number of accidents(which are caused by faulty electrical work).

Basically, this law brings the electrical work in the home under statutory control along with other types of building work, such as gas installations. The law requires an electrician registered with a government-approved scheme – such as the one operated by NICEIC – to carry out most electrical work in the home. After completion of any work your NICEIC registered electrician will issue you with an electrical safety certificate and a Compliance Certificate to confirm it meets the requirements of the Building Regulations. You can only carry out electrical work yourself if you can inspect and test that it is safe for use. To comply with the law you must notify your local building control office before you begin any work and pay the appropriate fee for them to inspect the work.

What will happen if you don’t follow the regulations?

• You will have no certificate to prove that the work has been carried out by a registered electrician, or that the work performed has been passed as safe by your local building control.
• It may be problematic when it comes to selling your home if you cannot produce evidence that electrical work has been carried out in accordance with the Building Regulations.
• It is a criminal offence to carry out work that does not comply with the Building Regulations, with a maximum fine of £5,000.
• Your local building control may insist that you re-do the electrical work.

What electrical work does the Part P law cover?

The requirements of Part P apply to most electrical work in your home. There are however, certain relaxations that apply for minor work.

Minor work
The ‘Minor work’ is the electrical work that does not involve the addition of a new circuit, for example adding new sockets or light switches to an existing circuit, or the replacement of sockets, light switches and ceiling roses. This work does not have to be undertaken by a registered electrician and you do not need to notify your local building control office. However, ALL electrical work must comply with BS 7671, the wiring regulations. Here is some help on how to apply for Building Regulations Approval.

High risk locations
Kitchens, bathrooms and gardens are classified as ‘special locations’ because the risk of electric shock is greater. Unless you are only replacing the electrical accessories, any other electrical work in a kitchen, bathroom, garden or outbuilding must either be undertaken by a registered electrician or notified to building control. With so many electrical appliances in your kitchen, combined with the mixture of hot surfaces and water, it is important that the electrical installation is safe. When installing a new kitchen, it is advisible you use a registered electrician or kitchen installer to do the electrical work. External electrical installations can be particularly hazardous due to the presence of water and the extremes of weather, which can make equipment deteriorate faster. If you are unsure, check with a registered electrician or your local building control office before starting any work.

How do I know when to notify?

Check out the list below: it provides a quick-reference guide to which type of electrical work should be notified to building control or carried out by a registered electrician(YOU: you can undertake the work yourself to BS7671, there is no need to inform building control, however NICEIC would recommend you use a registered electrician to carry out any electrical work in your home; Registered Electrician: you must notify building control or use a registered electrician).

• A complete new electrical system or total rewire – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Fuse box change – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Adding a socket to an existing circuit – A Registered electrician(while working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden), and YOU(working in any other locations);
• Adding a light switch to an existing circuit – A Registered electrician(while working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden), and YOU(working in any other locations);
• Connecting a cooker to an existing connection – YOU(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Replacing a damaged cable for a single circuit, on a like-for-like basis – YOU(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Replacing a damaged accessory, such as a socket or ceiling rose – YOU(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Replacing a light fitting – YOU(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing and fitting a storage heater – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing extra low voltage lighting – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing a new electric supply to garden shed, garage, greenhouse or other out building – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing a solar photovoltaic power supply – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing electric ceiling or floor heating – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing an electricity generator – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing telephone or extra-low voltage wiring for communication or IT equipment – A Registered electrician(while working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden), and YOU(working in any other locations);
• Replacing an immersion heater – YOU(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Installing a socket or lighting point outdoors – A Registered Electrician(both in working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden, or in any other locations);
• Fitting and connecting a new electric shower with a different kW rating – A Registered electrician(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden);
• Adding a socket or light to an existing circuit in a garden shed, garage, greenhouse or other outbuilding – YOU(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden);
• Installing a garden pond pump to the fixed electrics, including supply – A Registered electrician(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden);
• Installing an electric sauna – A Registered electrician(working in a kitchen / bathroom / garden);

Should I receive a certificate once the work is done?

Yes: Your NICEIC registered electrician will issue a Certificate of Compliance with national safety standards and a Building Regulations Compliance Certificate for all electrical work that has been carried out. This is a safety declaration confirming that their work complies with Part P of the Building Regulations.

You can download this guide & many other guides and fact sheets via the NICEIC Downloadable Factsheets page. Remember: safety above all!

Why are there rules for electrical safety in the home?

• These rules exist in order to reduce the number of deaths, injuries and fires caused by faulty electrical installations.
• Also, the rules make it harder for ‘cowboy builders’ to leave electrical installations in an unsafe condition.

What should I do if I want to do some electrical work?

• See the flow chart below to check if you need to tell your Local Authority’s Building Control Department before you start the work.

What will happen if I do not follow the Building Regulations?

• The electrical installation you’re working on might not be safe.
• You will have no record of the work done.
• If any work that has been carried out is found to be faulty, your local authority’s Building Control Department may insist you put it right.

Where can I get more information?

• From your local authority’s Building Control Department.
• Read the Free Explanatory Booklet on the Building Regulations.
• Use a registered installer within a Competent Person Scheme.
• Also, the ‘Approved Document P’ explains how to meet the new rules. You can download this free of charge from here.

A. You DO NOT need to tell your local authority’s Building Control Department about:

• Any repairs, replacements and maintenance work.
• The extra power points or lighting points, or other alterations to existing circuits (except in a kitchen, bathroom, or outdoors).
• If you are not sure about this, or you have any questions, ask your local authority’s Building Control Department.
• All work, whether you need to tell your local authority about it or not, must be done to the standards in the IEE ‘wiring regulations’.

B. Why should I use an installer who is registered with a Competent Person Scheme?

• They are qualified to carry out electrical work in accordance with the electrical safety rules and on completion they will issue you with a certificate of compliance.
• They will also deal with all Building Control issues for you.
• You will have access to insurance backed warranties and a robust complaints procedure to cover faulty electrical work.
• Some registered installers are also members of the TrustMark scheme, which gives additional protection.

C. How can I find a registered installer in my area or check that an installer is registered?

• Visit www.competentperson.co.uk and enter your area or the name of the installer in the relevant search box. Or, contact the operators of the Competent Person Scheme directly – see the details posted below.

Authorised competent person self-certification schemes for installers who can do all electrical installation work:

• BRE Certification Ltd
  Phone: 0870 609 6093
  Website: www.partp.co.uk
• BSI – British Standards Institution
  Phone: 01442 230442
  Website: bsi-global.
• ELECSA Limited
  Phone: 0870 749 0080
  Website: www.elecsa.org.uk
• NAPIT Certification Limited
  Phone: 0870 444 1392
  Website: www.napit.org.uk
• NICEIC Certification
  Services Ltd
  Phone: 0800 013 0900
  Website: www.niceic.org.uk

Authorised competent person self-certification schemes for installers who can do electrical work only if it is necessary when they are carrying out other work:

• CORGI Services Limited
  Phone: 01256 372200
  Website: corgi-gas-safety.
• ELECSA Limited
  Phone: 0870 749 0080
  Website: www.elecsa.org.uk
• NAPIT Certification Limited
  Phone: 0870 444 1392
  Website: www.napit.org.uk
• NICEIC Certification Services Ltd
  Phone: 0800 013 0900
  Website: www.niceic.org.uk
• OFTEC (Oil Firing Technical Association)
  Phone: 0845 658 5080
  Website: www.oftec.org

Hager Surface Mounted Consumer Units – Hager VC* / VH*

The Hager Surface Mounted CU are designed by Hager so that they would compliment and integrate – All these consumer units have been designed to fit in today’s home environment. Whether they are used to house electrical distribution or smart control devices, the consumer unit’s colour and form have been designed to complement and integrate into their surroundings. Actually, through in-depth research with the electrical contractors, Hager has incorporated a number of innovative features that enable time saving and easy installation into these surface mounted consumer units. Multiple fixing points, no restrictions under the DIN rail and cable entries positioned for easy access to devices, all add up to a spacious unit which is quick and easy to install.

Hager Surface Mounted Consumer Units – your advantages

• Easy and fast unit to fit;
• Largest amount of cabling space and in all the right places;
• Easy to remove cable entries safely;
• Top wall removes and reseals to IP4X;
• Fewer tools required to fit;
• Integrated spirit level allows for simple levelling.

Hager Surface Mounted Consumer Units – Technical data

• Multiple cable entries / knockouts on the top, bottom and rear;
• Total ways from 1 to 20;
• Switch disconnector rating 100 Amp;
• RCCB rating 63A 30mA or 80A 30mA;
• 17th Edition variants available.

Hager Consumer Units – surface mounted CU – Features

1. Top wall – Removes easily to provide cable access and re-seals to IP4X using the two foam strips provided.
2.  Terminal bars – Top mounted to allow for easy cable dressing, fully rated to 100 Amp.
3. DIN rail – Providing you with easy configuration and fitting of control devices.

4. Integrated spirit level – Missing tools no more!
5. Snap-able bus bar – One less tool required and quick and simple configuration.
6. Plenty of space – Best in class cabling space, top side and back.

7. Cutouts – The rear cutouts are optimised for their size and position allowing you to keep the final installation neat and tidy.
Accessories – A full range of accessories available including this quick fit meter tail kit

Read more about the Consumer Units, wiring devices, or about the Hager Consumer Units on our blog. To purchase online the domestic Hager Consumer units, especially the surface mounted ones, visit the Consumer Units section on our website.

• The problems that can appear due to poor ventilation;
• Help – solving the lack of ventilation in the homes;
• Locate/site your fan correctly in the home;
• Choosing the proper / perfect fan for the best ventilation.

Some of the problems caused by poor ventilation

• Poor ventilation: Stale Air
  The stale air is usually caused by the cooking smells, people smoking, the odours remaining in the bathroom, a general lack of ventilation around the house as well as by a damp atmosphere. All these problems can cause an certain level of discomfort(which can be avoided!) as well as the risk of respiratory illness and general poor health.
• Poor ventilation: Condensation
  Problems can occur when the steam from the kitchen / the bathroom finds cooler surfaces around the house on which to condense. When we attempt to conserve the heat by sealing the windows – and therefore reducing the natural ventilation – we actually make this problem even worse. Condensation can cause some considerable problems from peeling wallpaper and mould growth to severe structural damage such as wood rot and damp.

Help in Solving the Problem Caused by the Lack of Ventilation

The Current Building Regulations

The Building Regulations Document F1 (2006 Edition) outlines the importance of ventilation and stipulates that mechanical ventilation must be installed in kitchens, bath/shower rooms and toilets. All the Manrose fans comply with or exceed current Building Regulations and are capable of extracting no less than 60 litres per second from kitchens and no less than 15 litres per second from bath/shower rooms. This means that the humidity is removed at source before it can reach the cooler part of the dwelling and cause damage.

Specific requirements of The Building Regulations Document F1 (2006 Edition) on ventilation

• The Building Regulations about the Bathrooms/Shower Rooms:
  The Regulations require a fan capable of minimum extract capacity of 15 litres per second 54m3/hr (32CFM) when installed.
• The Building Regulations about the Toilets (Separate from a Bathroom):
  The Regulations require a fan capable of a minimum extract capacity of 6 litres per second 21m3/hr (12CFM) when installed. N.B. If a room does not contain an openable window the fan should be fitted with a 15 minute over-run timer.
• The Building Regulations about the Kitchens:
  The Regulations require a fan capable of extracting 60 litres per second 216m3/hr (127CFM) when installed.
• The Building Regulations about the Utility Rooms:
  The Regulations require a fan capable of extracting 30 litres per second per second 108m3/hr (63CFM) when installed.

Where should we site the Manrose extractor fan?

• A fan should always be sited in the furthest window or wall from the main source of air replacement to avoid short-circuiting the airflow. It should be located as high as possible in the window or wall nearest to smells or steam, but not directly above eye-level grills or cooker hoods.
• If the room contains a fuel burning device (such as a gas boiler) with a non-balanced flue, it is essential that there is enough replacement air to prevent fumes being drawn down the flue when the fan is extracting to its utmost capacity.
• The IEE Regulations (U.K.) require that a conventional mains voltage fan in a bathroom or shower must be located where it cannot be touched by a person using the bath or shower and well away from any water spray.
• Alternatively, the new Manrose range of 12 volt S.E.L.V. (Safety Extra Low Voltage) fans are specifically designed for the safe ventilation of toilets, bathrooms and shower rooms and can be fitted within the splash area with absolutely no risk of electric shock.

Tips for Choosing the Right Manrose Fan

• The Manrose Axial Fans are designed to move air over short distances i.e. window fixing or through mounting and are not suitable for ducting over 2 metres in length. Available in 4″, 5″, 6″, 9″ and 12″ sizes.
• The Manrose Centrifugal Fans are designed to move air over longer distances and will perform well against the pressure caused by long lengths of ducting and resistance by grilles.
  Note: When ducting vertically it is recommended that a condensation trap is used.
• The Manrose Humidistat Controls – Manrose has a complete range of integral Humidistat Controls on all their fans, they are also available with a pullcord the bathroom and off as it falls. It will continue to monitor the humidity 24 hours per day, thus preventing mould growth on walls and ceilings and drastically reduces condensation problems.

Models of Manrose Fans

• Manrose Standard Fans: For remote switching through wall light or separate switch;
• Manrose Timer models: with built-in adjustable time delay operated by the light switch;
• Manrose Pullcord models: with built-in pullcord switch;
• Manrose Humidity controlled models: with built-in adjustable sensor which operates the fan automatically;
• Manrose P.I.R. model: sensitive to movement Switches on when room is entered and off when room is vacated.

To purchase online Manrose Extractor fans for kitchens, bathrooms, showers, etc – visit the Heating & Ventilation section, the Ventilation Solutions.

Introducing the new Hager Type B Distribution Boards – meeting the needs of the 17th Edition – part of the Industrial Distribution Boards; the Invicta 3 range: decisions, features, and benefits.

Decisions needed for the Distribution needs

• Regarding the 17th Edition
  Often more final circuits will need RCD protection. With multiple PCs, printers and other equipment likely to have a small earth leakage, nuisance tripping may be an issue. Consider having more outgoing ways and individual RCBO protection to avoid nuisance tripping.
• Regarding the Metering
  The Building Regulations Part L2 includes requirements for metering and sub metering in non-domestic buildings.
• Regarding the Control
  Demand for energy efficiency has led to an increased demand for control. Consider Type B boards that have integral DIN rails for control devices and that allow different size extension boxes to be fitted on the top, bottom or sides of the board.
• Regarding the Installation
  More outgoing ways, more RCBOs, more metering and more control devices means that ease of installation and cabling are important.

You must consider having more outgoing ways and individual RCBO protection in order to avoid nuisance tripping.

The Type B Distribution Boards – Features

The Hager’s Type B distribution boards are designed to help electrical installers meet the challenges of a modern installation. They are available in both 125A and 250A ratings. Read more below about some of the main features of the Hager Distribution Boards(Type B):

• The Ease of metering
  You can install a meter next to the incoming device in the 125A board. Dual metered boards are also available. Another option is to install a surge protection device.
• The Simple cable entry
  Trunking and cable entry facility means there is no need to use paxolin. Cable protection is built into the end-plate cable entry.
• The Neutral bars
  Transparent IP2X neutral cover allows for ease of cable installation. Screws fully turned down for easy and fast cabling.
• The Earth terminal cabling
  Earth terminal bars are mounted offset to neutral terminal bars and angled towards the installer for easy cable installation. The screws are fully turned down for simple and fast cabling.
• The Simple extensions
  18 and 36 module DIN rail extension boxes are available. No spacers required to mount boards, cableways or extension boxes. Boxes can be mounted at the top or to either side of the board.
• The Tap off board extension
  125A top tap off for simple board extensions or for an additional MCB up to 125A.
• The Clear labeling
  Ease of phase identification L1, L2, L3 mouldings show through when the front cover is fitted. Textured surface on busbar assembly allows contractor to write circuit identification.

The Hager Type B Distribution Boards – Benefits

Hager has developed the new Invicta Type B boards as a solution for modern commercial installations.  The whole nature of electrical sub and final distribution for commercial installations has changed in the last few years. Typically there are more outgoing ways, more RCBOs and/or RCD protection, more metering and more control devices.

Electrical distribution is at the heart of a building’s services. Modern distribution boards must enable designs that meet the demands of the 17th Edition, the need for more metering and the demands for energy efficient solutions through control devices or building management systems.

The people at Hager decided that it was time to design a board that meets the needs of current installations, not those of the past. This new range of Type B boards makes it easier for you to design and install electrical distribution systems that meet the needs of today and the future.

Note: These information are from the official specs presented by Hager – the Invicta 3 range. We are now in the process of updating our full offer of Hager Type B Distribution Boards – the Invicta 3 range – some of which are: Hager JK112BG, Hager JK116BG, Hager JK11003S, Hager JK11253S, Hager JK11004S, Hager JK104BG, Hager JK106BG, etc.

The elegant design of the Airflow Icon series of fans goes eye to eye with the quality and attention to detail demanded by modern day homebuilders. Thoughtfully conceived iCON presents the specifier and installer with a new dimension in simplicity of selection and installed performance. Matching the required control functions (pull cord, timer, humidity, PIR, two speed) to the installation, simply means plugging in an interchangeable module into any iCON fan. It’s a win win situation for the stockist too who optimises his shelf space and for the contractor who avoids carrying a van load of fans.

The Style Is Supplied as Standard

• iCON style fans complement modern day living by harmonising with virtually any interior design.
• Neat, unobtrusive and stylish, they provide quiet and reliable ventilation while blending into the background.
• Available from stock in Anthracite, Gold, Silver and Glacier White matt wipe-clean finish, they add colour and co-ordination to your toilet, bathroom and kitchen – and at surprisingly low cost.
• NEW – Chrome and Anthracite the perfect blend
• Bespoke style – what colour is your iCON?
  Appealingly personal, iCON fans can be supplied to your design requirements. From as little as 50 fans we can make your iCON design a reality.
• iCON15, iCON30, and iCON60 – and more features – below.

Airflow iCON15

The Airflow iCON 15 is ideal for toilets, en-suites, shower rooms and bathrooms. Recessed into the wall or ceiling, it is stylish and unobtrusive, even in the smallest space. More features:

• Fan Size 197×40mm; Ductable Up to 4m.
• Power 14.5W / 230v; IP Rating IPx4.
• Air flow 21 l/sec (76m3/hr).
• Flow rate up to 21 l/sec ( 76 m3/hr).
• Ductable up to 4m using rigid pipe.
• Complies with Approved Document F 2006 Appendix E Good Practice Guide to the installation of axial fans in bathrooms when used with the manufacturers specified flexible ducting and exterior grille.
• A quick, 4″ core drilled hole enables immediate fixing of the Airflow iCON 15 fan. The twist on/off cover requires only a single side entry fixing screw.
• Cantilever fixing lugs enable recessed installation on uneven surfaces. The snap-in control module is quick to fit and wire.
• Splashproof with a comprehensive range of accessories.
• Three year no quibble guarantee. BEAB approved.
• Buy online this excellent quality extractor fan – Airflow iCON15, or Airflow iCON15 DC/SELV(the low voltage version)

Airflow iCON30

The Airflow iCON 30 is quiet, powerful and designed for recessed or surface mounting in walls or ceilings in larger toilets, bathrooms and utility rooms. More features:

• Recessed or surface mounted onto the wall or ceiling, it is stylish and unobtrusive, even in the smallest space.
• Supplied with a stylish, narrow contour skirt for surface mounting if preferred.
• The quiet, powerful mixed centrifugal/axial fan has been designed with efficiency in mind.
• Flow rate up to 32 l/sec (118 m3/hr).
• Ductable up to 9m using rigid pipe.
• Complies with Approved Document F 2006 Appendix E Good Practice Guide to the installation of centrifugal fans in bathrooms when used with the manufacturers specified flexible ducting and exterior grille.
• A quick, 4″ core drilled hole enables immediate fixing of the Airflow iCON 30 fan. The twist on/off cover requires only a single side entry fixing screw.
• Cantilever fixing lugs enable installation on uneven surfaces. The snap-in control module is quick to fit and wire.
• Fan Size 225×43mm; Ductable Over 9m; Power 30W / 230v; IP Rating IPx4; Air flow: 32 l/sec (118m3/hr)
• Buy online this excellent quality extractor fan – Airflow iCON30, or Airflow iCON30 DC/SELV(the low voltage version)

Airflow iCON60

The Airflow iCON 60 is the largest fan in the range, suitable for recessed or surface mounting in walls or ceilings and is highly efficient in domestic kitchens and residents lounges. More features:

• The iCON60 is ideal for kitchens, large bathrooms and residents lounges.
• Recessed or surface mounted onto the wall or ceiling, it is stylish and unobtrusive, even in the smallest space.
• Supplied with a narrow colour skirt for surface mounting if prefered.
• The quiet, powerful, mixed centrifugal/axial fan has been designed with efficiency in mind.
• Flow rate up to 72 l/sec (260 m3/hr).
• A quick, 6″ core drilled hole enables immediate fixing of iCON 60.
• The twist on/off cover requires only a single side entry fixing screw.
• Cantilever fixing lugs enable recessed installation on uneven surfaces.
• The snap-in control module is quick to fit and wire.
• Fan Size 280×55mm; Ductable Over 9m; Power 75W / 230v; IP Rating IPx4; Air flow 72 l/sec (260m3/hr);
• Three year no quibble guarantee. BEAB approved.
• Buy online this large and excellent quality extractor fan – Airflow iCON60.

General features of all the Airflow iCON fans

• Tiling is a breeze with the circular cover flange, reducing the need to make good.
• One wipe and the cover is clean.
• The unique iris shutter, prevents back draughts, operates silently and helps reduce noise ingress.
• A choice of interchangeable control modules are available to match fan to installation requirements.
• Complies with latest Building Regulations Approved Document F 2006.
• Splashproof, tiling friendly.
• A comprehensive range of accessories is available.
• Three year no quibble guarantee. BEAB approved.
• iCON is available with a choice of optional coloured covers. Complement your decor with a Sandstone, Silver or Anthracite cover from our stock selection. Cover is supplied with your new fan or separately as an upgrade for an existing fan (see accessory menu).
  Note: Coloured covers are for recessed fan mounting only.
• All iCON fans available with:
  • Pull Cord;
  • Timer;
  • Humidity, Pull Cord, Timer;
  • PIR, Timer;
  • Two Speed, Trickle/Boost;
  • PIR, Humidity, Timer.
  Select the fan, choose the control module – It’s iCON simple!

View the full Airflow iCON offer online at the Heating and Ventilation section, Ventilation – Airflow Extractor Fans.

• Building Regulations;
• Requirements of the 17th Edition Wiring Regulations;
• Downlighter Junction Box;
• Maintenance Free Connections;
• Traditional Junction Boxes;
• Conclusions;
• Product Selection Guide;
• Selection Chart.

The Building Regulations & the Electrical Equipment

Since 2005 the Building Regulations for England and Wales have made direct reference to Electrical Installations, increasing the influence on how Electrical Equipment is installed in buildings. The part P of the Building Regulations 2000 came into effect on 1st January 2005 and was further amended on 6th April 2006. This document states that the requirements will be met by adherence to the ‘Fundamental Principles’ for achieving safety given in the Wiring Regulations BS 7671 Chapter 13.

For Scotland, the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 apply to domestic and non-domestic buildings. Section 4.5 Electrical Safety in the Scottish Building Standards Agency (SBSA) Technical Handbook prescribes that an electrical installation should be designed, constructed, installed and tested such that it is in accordance with the recommendations of the Wiring Regulations BS 7671. The ‘Fundamental Principles’ that are given in chapter 13 are intended to provide for the safety of persons, livestock and the protection of property against dangers and damage which may arise in the reasonable use of electrical installations.

Good workmanship by competent persons using the proper materials will reduce the risk of overheating or fire: It is recognised that good workmanship by competent persons using proper materials will reduce any hazards that may arise and that every item of equipment shall comply with the appropriate British Standard.

The electrical joints are a potential source of overheating and, if not securely made, could ultimately cause a fire. For this reason there are several regulations relating to electrical connections – these are mentioned in chapter 13 in regulation 134.1.4.

‘Every electrical joint and connection shall be of proper construction as regards conductance, insulation, mechanical strength and protection’.

Requirements of 17th Edition Wiring Regulations BS 7671: 2008

In this section we aim at explaining some of the regulations contained within the 17th Edition Wiring Regulations, regarding the connection of conductors both for lighting and power final circuits.

Electrical Connections

The requirements of the 17th Edition Wiring Regulations concerning electrical connections are covered mostly within section 526. This section states that every electrical connection shall have durable electrical continuity, adequate mechanical strength and protection.  The wiring method illustrated here is a common cause of non-compliance particularly with lighting circuits and the connections to downlighters in particular(see Hager J501, Hager 803 and Hager J804).

• It can be seen that the sheath of the flex is not enclosed. This is due to the junction box connection method not facilitating an easy means of enclosing the outer sheath, a non-compliance with regulation 526.9.
• Another problem is that during installation and maintenance, mechanical strain may be placed on the terminations of the conductors within the junction box. This is due to the lack of a clamping method for the cable, a non-compliance with the regulation 522.8.5.

Connections to downlighters are a common cause of non-compliance.

A further potential problem can be found within the junction box (opposite) concerning the type of conductors that are typically terminated. It is often the case in domestic installations that solid twin & cpc cables will be used for the fixed wiring with the conductor to the light fitting (or transformer if the lighting is ELV) being a flexible conductor.

Care must be taken to ensure the strands of the flexible cable are secured adequately in the terminal and have not been damaged to ensure compliance with regulation 526.2.

Also, as can be seen in the illustration on the left, when the conductor was removed for inspection it is clear that some of the strands have been damaged during termination.

Ensure that the connection method selected is fully compliant.

Downlighter Junction Box

When fitting recessed downlighters the following method would overcome all the issues raised previously.

It can be seen here that the sheath of both solid conductors and flexible conductors for the light fitting can be secured as they enter the enclosure. This enables compliance with regulation 522.8.5 in particular where it states that there shall be no undue mechanical strain on the terminations of the conductors. Also regulation 526.9, which requires the cores of sheathed cables from which the sheath has been removed to be enclosed, can be seen to be complied with(see Hager J501, Hager 803 and Hager J804).

Cable clamps prevent strain on terminations for compliance with regulations.

Regulation 526.2 is complied with where the method of connection shall take account of the number and shape of wires forming the conductor. In this junction box solid conductors and flexible conductors can be terminated separately by means of the unique three plate style terminal arrangement(see Hager J501, Hager 803 and Hager J804)..

Continue to read the Hager Junction Box guide to the 17th Edition, part 2.

Building Regulations

Part P of the building regulations relates to the electrical safety in dwellings. The approved document prescribes that consumer units should be located so that they are easily reachable where this is necessary to comply with Part M of the building Regulations.

Part M requires that reasonable provision be made for people to gain access to a building and use its facilities. The approved document prescribes that switches, socket outlets and “other equipment” needs to be at appropriate heights, these are defined as between 0.45m and 1.2m from finished floor level.

Other equipment may be taken to include the consumer unit, as it contains devices such as MCB’s and RCD’s that may need operation or resetting by the user of the dwelling. The consumer unit should therefore be accessible, with the devices mounted at a height no greater the 1.2m above the floor. In addition the consumer unit should not be in a location that would make it difficult to access such as an under stairs cupboard. Neither should it be placed in a position where is likely to be damaged by impact. Therefore depending on the layout of the dwelling a flush consumer unit may be considered.

Consumer Units should be easily reachable and be mounted with the switches at a height of between 0.45m & 1.2m above floor level

Requirements of 17th Edition Wiring Regulations BS 7671:2008

This section aims to explain some of the new Regulations contained within the 17th Edition Wiring Regulations, regarding the consumer unit and final circuits. Firstly however, to fully understand what is required, we need to consider some definitions from Part 2 of the Regulations.

• Ordinary Person – Someone who is neither skilled or instructed
  e.g. General public / Home owner
• Skilled Person – A person with technical knowledge or experience to enable him/her to avoid dangers which electricity may create
  e.g. Qualified Electrician
• Instructed Person – A person who has been adequately advised or supervised to enable him/her to avoid dangers which electricity may create
  e.g. Facilities Manager

Typically commercial installations will be under the control of a Skilled or Instructed Person. However domestic and some commercial installations will not. This is particularly important, as certain Regulations only apply to installations not under the supervision of a Skilled or Instructed Person. A significant change is the introduction of Regulations requiring additional protection by RCDs. There are 3 points of consideration,

1. Socket Outlets
2. Cables buried in walls
3. Locations containing a bath or shower

together with some other considerations, like the Division of Installation and about the Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems for buildings.

Certain Regulations only apply to installations not under the supervision of a Skilled or Instructed Person i.e. Ordinary persons.

The Regulations have introduced new requirements regarding socket outlets, particularly where used by ordinary persons e.g. Home owners.

Sockets Outlets

The definitions for persons are important to consider when we look at the requirements for protection of circuits supplying socket outlets.  Regulation 411.3.3 requires that an RCD of not exceeding 30mA be provided for:

1. Socket outlets up to 20A that for general use by “ordinary persons”.
2. Mobile equipment up to 32A that is for use outdoors.
   Exceptions to 411.3.3 are permitted where:
3. Use of socket outlets is under the supervision of someone “skilled” or “instructed”.
4. Specifically labelled or otherwise suitably identified socket outlets provided for a particular item of equipment.

This is a change from the 16th Edition that required only socket outlets ‘reasonably expected’ to supply equipment used outside the equipotential zone to have RCD protection e.g. used for an Electric lawn mower. Now under the requirements of the 17th edition it is likely that every socket outlet in a domestic installation will require RCD protection not exceeding 30mA. This may also apply to some commercial installations, like small offices or shops etc where there is no control on the use of those socket outlets. Consideration should also be given to areas where free access to socket outlets is available to the general public e.g. airport lounges.

Socket outlets for general use in a domestic installation require RCD protection not exceeding 30mA

Significant changes affect installations where cables are buried in the wall. This is the normal practice in dwellings.

Cables buried in the wall

Here we need to consider Section 522, Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external influences. The particular requirements of this section apply to cables which are concealed in a wall or partition at a depth of less than 50mm, or where metal partitions are used. The definitions for persons are once again important for this section. There are 5 options of installing cables in walls. The cables shall:

1. Incorporate an earthed metal covering which is suitable as a protective conductor. Eg SWA cable.
2. Be enclosed in earthed metal conduit, such that is suitable as a protective conductor.
3. Be enclosed in earthed metal trunking, such that is suitable as a protective conductor.
4. Be protected against damage from penetration by nails or screws.
5. Be installed in a safe zone.

This is much the same as the 16th Edition requirements and the usual option is to install cables in a dedicated safe zone. However, where an installation is not under the supervision of someone skilled or instructed, regulation 522.6.7 applies. In this regulation where (5) only from above is used then the cable must have additional protection by the use of a RCD not exceeding 30mA. This would apply where thermoplastic (PVC) wiring systems are used, this is typical in most domestic installations and some commercial installations.

Where buried cables are not mechanically protected additional protection by an RCD not exceeding 30mA must be provided

Although additional regulations relating to bathrooms etc are not new, there are some important changes to consider.

Section 701, Locations containing a bath or shower

Regulation 701.411.3.3 requires that all circuits within this location shall be additionally protected by an RCD not exceeding 30mA. This would mean 230V lighting, the 230V supply to the source for SELV, a shower circuit and bathroom heater for example will all need RCD protection. A standard 13A socket outlet is now permitted in this location provided however the socket outlet is more than 3m from the boundary of zone 1.

The 16th Edition required local supplementary bonding be provided connecting together all exposed and extraneous conductive parts in the zones. This is no longer required in this location provided the following conditions are met:

• All final circuits of the location comply with the automatic disconnection requirements according to regulation 411.3.2.
• All circuits are RCD protected in accordance with 701.411.3.3.
• All extraneous-conductive parts of the location are effectively connected to the protective equipotential bonding according to regulation 411.3.1.2 (Previously termed main equipotential bonding).

All circuits in locations containing a bath or shower shall be protected by an RCD not exceeding 30mA

Other Considerations

There are additional Regulations and Codes of Practice that need to be considered during the design of an installation. These will affect the choice of consumer unit.

Division of Installation

Section 314 calls for the installation to be so divided to:

1. Avoid hazards and minimize inconvenience in the event of a fault
2. Reduce the possibility of unwanted tripping of the RCD due to excessive protective conductor currents.

To comply with these requirements the circuits of an installation should not be connected to a single RCD, as this could lead to loss of supply to the entire installation in the event of a fault on one circuit, clearly inconvenient for the user of the building.

All circuits of an installation should not be connected to a single RCD

The Wiring Rules & Building regulations are not the only documents that need to be consulted, another important document relates to smoke alarms.

BS 5839-6:2004 Fire detection and Fire alarm systems for buildings

This Code of Practice has particular requirements for dwellings. This document makes reference to the power supply to such systems and mentions RCD’s. The circuit supplying these systems should preferably not be protected by an RCD. This however is going to be difficult to achieve if the circuit supplying these systems is buried in the walls and standard domestic wiring systems are used. Indeed the supply cables would need to be specially protected in earthed metal conduit etc. for RCD protection not to be used.

Options for circuits supplying fire or smoke alarms in dwellings protected by an RCD include:

1. The RCD serves only that circuit. For example with the use of an RCBO
2. The RCD operates independently of any RCD feeding socket outlets or portable equipment

So consideration of these points is necessary during the design stage and particular care is needed to select the appropriate consumer unit and wiring system to ensure compliance. BS 5839-6 should always be studied to ensure that all relevant recommendations are complied with.

Where RCD protection is needed for smoke detector circuits one option is to supply that circuit only

This is the first part of the full Consumer Unit Guide to the 17th edition, by Hager, which can also be found here for download. Buy online consumer units, either domestic consumer units(MK or Hager) or industrial consumer units(Hager, ryefield boards, or isolators and switch fuses) by visiting the Electrical Items category at sparksdirect.co.uk.

Why do we need Fire Protection lights/downlights? The building regulations require that recessed fixtures must be installed in the buildings so that the fire resistance of the ceiling would not be compromised, helping thus to control the spreading fire.

Do the fire rated lights/downlights protect only agains the spreading of the fire? Well, the fire rated downlights protect against the spreading of the fire and not only: these downlights are constructed in such a way that they are resistant to moisture, resistant to the passage of sound, and they stop the air leakage.

What is the fire resistance, and how do you test a light to see how fire resistant it is? The fire resistance is an ability of a surface to withstand a fire; it is measured in minutes. A certain surface/item/object/downlight is proven through destructive fire testing and assessment.

Where exactly do we need to use the fire protection products? The building regulations clearly state that any residential dwelling with the top floor height of up to 18m above the ground should have ceilings resistant to fire to up to 60 minutes. The residential building that have a top floor up to 30m should have ceilings resistant to fire for up to 90 minutes. This means that the downlights/recessed lights fixed on the ceiling have to be fire-rated.

What current standards are there today in this area, and what do they relate to? The current standard in UK is the British Standard BS 476: part 20 series; also, the European Standards (BS ENs) – these 2 exist for different types of building elements from floors to walls and ceilings. Other related building and electrical regulations state:

Building regulations Document B - “Fire Safety”:
Every joint, imperfection of fit or opening to allow services to pass through should be adequately protected by sealing or fire stoping so that the fire resistance of the element is not impaired.

Building regulations Document E – “Resistance to the passage of sound”, January 2005 revision:
Floors and ceilings provide adequate resistance to airborne and impact sound.

Building regulations Document C – “Site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture”:
To avoid excessive moisture transfer to roof voids, penetrations should be filled and sealed; this is particularly important in areas of high humidity, i.e bathrooms and kitchens.

Building regulations Document L – “Conservation of fuel and power”:
Reasonable provision shall be made for the conservation of fuel and power in buildings by limiting heat losses through the fabric of the building.

The I.E.E. wiring regulations – BS7671, Regulation 527-02:
The openings remaining after the passage of wiring systems(including downlights) in ceilings, walls, etc. are required to be sealed according to the degree of fire resistance required of the ceiling, wall, etc.

How does the fire rated technology work in the case of the downlights? The fire rated downlights contain a intumescent material(a carbon polymer matrix which, when it is subjected to heat – like the heat generated by a fire – will soften and release gases that are trapped within it; this causes the intumescent material to expand and maintain the integrity of the fire barrier) that has special properties in the case of a fire.

Fire rated downlights – key components and explanations:

1. New terminal block -  it allows loop-in, loop-out wiring with twin and earth cable;
2. Superior ventilation – for optimum lamp and downlight operating temperature;
3. Integrated intumescent material – seals the downlights;
4. High spiring height – for installation in ceiling materials up to 35mm;
5. Lamps – Dichoic or aluminium reflector lamps may be used; designed for continuous usage;
6. Silicon – seals to prevent air leakage into cold spaces;
7. Steel body – acts as a supplementary fire and noise barrier;
8. Recessed spring mountings – for maximum cut-out clearance.

Fire testing – 90 minute fire tested downlights

Stage 1 – The fire starts (the recessed light, fire downlight, is properly installed in the ceiling);

Stage 2 – The intumescent material starts to expand and bridge the downlight can, as the fire goes on.

Stage 3 – The intumescent material completely bridges the downlight can, maintaining the ceiling’s fire integrity. Thus, the fire is not allowed to go through the ceiling to the next floor/level.

You can check out our online offer of downlights/ceiling lights or wall lights and fire rated lights(from Aurora), and then buy online via our secure website. Also, read more about the Fire Hood and the protection it offers(including the technology behind it).